{"id":4457,"date":"2020-02-07T14:13:57","date_gmt":"2020-02-07T06:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.press.ntu.edu.tw\/?p=4457"},"modified":"2020-02-07T14:17:57","modified_gmt":"2020-02-07T06:17:57","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e6%a3%84%e6%b0%91%e3%80%8b%e5%b0%8e%e8%ae%80%e8%a9%a6%e9%96%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.press.ntu.edu.tw\/?p=4457","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u68c4\u6c11\u300b\u5c0e\u8b80\u8a66\u95b1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\uff1a\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u68c4\u6c11\u300b\u5c0e\u8b80<\/h4>\n

\u6587\u2571\u9673\u5049\u667a\uff08\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u7cfb\u535a\u58eb\u5019\u9078\u4eba\uff09<\/p>\n

\"S\"<\/p>\n

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\u65e5\u672c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u900f\u904e\u7d8f\u64ab\u3001\u8543\u4eba\u89c0\u5149\u3001\u9698\u52c7\u7dda\u63a8\u9032\u3001\u4e94\u5e74\u7406\u8543\u8a08\u756b\u3001\u79fb\u4f4f\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u535a\u89bd\u6703\u8207\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u5730\u5716\u88fd\u4f5c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c07\u81fa\u7063\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u65cf\u539f\u6709\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5340\u9694\u6210\u7279\u6b8a\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u300c\u8543\u5730\u300d\u2014\u672c\u66f8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\uff08second-order geobody\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u4e00\u300c\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f15\u7533\u81ea\u7814\u7a76\u6cf0\u570b\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u5efa\u69cb\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u5883\u3001\u570b\u571f\u3001\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u6539\u9020\u8207\u518d\u73fe\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u901a\u731c\uff0e\u5a01\u5c3c\u5dee\u606d\uff08Thongchai Winichakul\uff09\u5728\u300a\u63cf\u7e6a\u66b9\u908f\uff1a\u4e00\u90e8\u66b9\u908f\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u547c\u61c9\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\uff08Benedict Anderson\uff09\u5728\u300a\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u8207\u6563\u5e03\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u589e\u88dc\u7684\u540d\u7bc7\u3008\u4eba\u53e3\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u5730\u5716\u3001\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3009\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u767b\u5834\u4e4b\u5f8c\u81ea\u52d5\u5730\u8207\u4ed6\u52d5\u5730\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u7a7a\u9593\u518d\u9818\u57df\u5316\u7684\u6587\u5316\u518d\u73fe\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u5168\u5cf6\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u300c\u8543\u5730\u300d\u505a\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u5c0d\u65bc\u6b64\u4e00\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u8eab\u5206\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u7d71\u6cbb\u521d\u671f\u7684\u8543\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5283\u5206\u7684\u5404\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e43\u81f31930\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u65cf\u7a31\u300c\u9ad8\u7802\u65cf\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f9e\u8a0e\u4f10\u3001\u7ba1\u5236\u5230\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u91dd\u4e4b\u5c0d\u8c61\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u90fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7531\u5916\u800c\u5167\u5730\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u96c6\u9ad4\u8eab\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u8fd1\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u5275\u9020\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u3001\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u3001\u8fb2\u6c11\u8b8a\u6210\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u81fa\u7063\u6b77\u53f2\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5e73\u5730\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u900f\u904e\u8b66\u5bdf\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u884c\u653f\u7d44\u7e54\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u898f\u8a13\u6a5f\u69cb\u6f38\u6b21\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u4f46\u81fa\u7063\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u6070\u6070\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u300c\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u300d\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u6b64\u570b\u6c11\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u81fa\u7063\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5f9e\u300c\u8543\u4eba\u300d\u52301930\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u300c\u9ad8\u7802\u65cf\u300d\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u6307\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5e1d\u570b\u5b50\u6c11\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u81fa\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7d93\u6fdf\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u884c\u653f\u5340\u300d\u5167\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u6587\u5316\u672c\u771f\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u6f22\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u51fa\u73fe\u4e4b\u524d\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u81fa\u7063\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u662f\u7576\u6642\u8208\u76db\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u660e\u5357\u65b9\u8d77\u6e90\u8ad6\u6839\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021930\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u5f8c\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u81fa\u7063\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u65cf\u8eab\u70ba\u975e\u6f22\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7368\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u65c5\u904a\u696d\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u518d\u5f37\u8abf\u8207\u63d0\u5021\uff0c\u6230\u5f8c\u627f\u7e7c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u5ef6\u7e8c\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u5ea7\u5cf6\u5dbc\u505a\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6f22\u4eba\u8207\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u65cf\u7fa4\u4ee5\u65cf\u7fa4\u5340\u5283\u70ba\u539f\u5247\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u57df\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u665a\u8fd1\u8207\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u5236\u5ea6\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u8457\u672c\u65bc\u7a4d\u6975\u77ef\u6b63\u6b67\u8996\u63aa\u65bd\uff08affirmative action\uff09\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u8a34\u8af8\u5171\u4eab\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u539f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ecd\u7136\u5ef6\u7e8c\u9019\u500b\u5f9e\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u56fa\u8457\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u653f\u6cbb\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6b0a\u66f4\u8fed\u4e86\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u653f\u9ee8\u8f2a\u66ff\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6f2b\u9577\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\uff08Long Nineteenth Century\uff09\u4ee5\u4f86\u5168\u7403\u6b77\u53f2\u8b8a\u9077\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u6e05\u672b\u5230\u65e5\u6cbb\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u5730\u7406\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u5e7d\u9748\u4ecd\u7136\u7c60\u7f69\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u9019\u5ea7\u5cf6\u5dbc\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

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